Just updating my previous wiki with more recent information:
Current Band1 Configuration:
band 1 (2100MHz) : 3G/UMTS (4.8MHz Down 4.8MHz Down) + 4G/LTE (10MHz Down 10MHz Up)
OR (interim configuration on some 5G capable sites):
band 1 (2100MHz) : 3G/UMTS (4.8MHz Down 4.8MHz Down) + 5G/NR (10MHz Down 10MHz Up)
-Band 1 originally used to be all 3G, and was the first band Three way back to launch their network in 2003. 2/3 of this spectrum was previously refarmed to 4G/LTE whilst maintaining 1/2 3G, but the LTE portion is now being further refarmed to 5G/NR on newer sites which have 5G equipment.
After the 3G switch off, all of threes spectrum on band1 will become 5G/NR on a site with 5G equipment (gNB):
band 1 (2100MHz) : 5G/NR (15MHz Down 15MHz Up)
I believe three have chosen this band because
- it works very well with n78 to boost upload speeds in NR CA (for handsets that support FDD + TDD NR CA)
- cross-site and cross-RAT interference (interference between a band1 LTE mast and a band1 NR mast) can be managed well with power levels.
- many handsets are now 5G capable and when in range of band1/3, are usually are also capable of picking up n78 5G from the same site, meaning band1 LTE becomes underutilised, and therefore it no longer makes sense to keep this in an LTE configuration.
-Three may also deploy 5G solely on this band on more rural / less loaded sites, since it provides reasonable performance on its own.
Other operators are doing something similar, 2024 is turning out to be quite good news for mobile coverage and performance.
* All the above information is formulated based on my own scans of the network in recent months and observing and analysing patterns in changes on different types of sites. I don't have any inside information from Three and plans could also change. I also work in the telco industry with extensive knowledge in frequency planning and RAN deployment.